Method of mining and mining apparatus



March 12, 1929. E. c. MORGAN METHOD OF MINING AND MINING APPARATUS Filed July 1, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet Match 12, 1929. c, MORGAN 1,704,866

METHOD OF MINING AND MINING APPARATUS File y 1, 1921 2 Shets-Sheet 2 V V V Y V V Y Y v! O Patented Mar. 12, i 1929.

UNITED s'raras" 1,704,866 rarest orrics;

EDMUND G. MORGAN, OF NEW YORK, 1\T Y.; OLIVE EUG ENIE MORGAN EXECUTRIX F SAID EDMUND C. li-IGRGAN', DfifiEAgED.

METHOD OF MINING- AND MINING APPARATUS.

Application filed July 1,

Mv invention relates to a method of mining, 0 particularly adapted for dislodging coal from a mine vein'by means of continuous forwardly applied splitting actions at spaced-apart points between the floor and roof of the mine chamber. My invention also relates to apparatus for carrying out such. method of mining, comprising splitting tools arran ed in spaced-apart relation and having powerful continuous forward move ments effected thereby.

One of theobjeets of my invention is the provision of apparatus for efficiently carrying out the method referred to; afurther object of the invention is the provisionv of apparatus for mounting spaced apart splitting tools between the floor and roof of the mine chamber for continuous forward ope.r

. ation for each predetermined position of the iii) mining machine.

Another object of'the invention is the provision of a plurality of spaced-apart splitting tools on an adjustable supporting frame adapted to be. anchored between the floor and roof of the mining chamber so that such splitting tools may be operated with continuous forward movements for each' anchored position of such frame.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a mining machine comprising spaced-apart splitting tools adapted to be operated by continuous forward movements and mechanism for adjusting the position of the mining machine and anchoring the same in adjusted position.

it further object of the invention is the provision of splitting tools having a central forwardly projecting claw in advance of a plurality of spaced-apart claws spread out in fan formation to engage the coal on both sides of the advanced claw to dislodge the coal on both sides of the coal preliminarily split away by the central claw.

Other objects of the invention will appear hereinafter, the novel features and combinations being set forth in the appended claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved mining machine showing the narrow elongated dimension thereof in position to move longitudinally in a long wall operation; 7

Fig. 2 is an elevational view'of the miningmachine shown in plan in Fig.1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view taken on the line 3 5 of Fig. 2;

1921. Serial No. 481,844..

Fig. 4-is a sectional elevation taken on the line 44 of Fig. 2, looking rearwardly in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2, looking-in the direction of the arrows;

Fi g. 6 is a sectional elevation taken on the line 66 of Fig. 2, looking rearwardly in the direction of the arrows; f

Fig. 7 is a sectional plan View taken on the line 7-'/ of Fig; 2;

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of. the clawlike splitting tool particularly adapted to be located. at or near the roof or floor; and

' Fig; 9 is a perspective view of a modified claw-like splitting tool particularly adapted to be located intermediate the floor and roof.

Referring to Fig. 2, it will be seen that the supporting frame or'base frame 10 is provided with a serrated bottom 11, to act as the lower shoe of a floor and roof jack, the upper shoe being shown at 12, which is provided with an upper serrated surface 13. The shoes 10 and 12 are preferably rectangular in shape to provide a mining machine which will be comparatively narrow in width, as shown in Fig. 1. p

Rigidly connected to the supporting frame 10 and extending upwardly therefrom is a cylinder 14 for receiving the plunger 15 extending downwardly from the shoe 12, as shown in Fig. 4. Rig-idly connected to the upper end of the plunger 15 and extend-- ing forwardly therefrom is a horizontal cylinder 16 for receiving the horizontal plunger l'Z having the splitting tool 18 mounted on the outer end thereof.

In a similar manner, a horizontal cylinder 19 extends forwardly from the upper end portion of the cylinder 14, and likewise a horizontal cylinder 20 extends forwardly from the base frame 10 and, from the lower end of the cylinder 14.. It should be noted that the cylinders 19 and 20 are rigidly connected to the base frame 10 and to the cylinder 14, whereas the cylinder 16' andthe plunger 15 are movable'up and down, together with the shoe 12 relatively to the cylinder 14 and the base 10. The uppermost splitting tool 18-may therefore be adjustable in elevation, and in 4, I have shown a manually operated valve 21 for controlling the supply of fluid pressure from the supply pipe 22 through the pipe 23 to the cylinder 14 beneath. the plunger 15. The fluid pres sure medium may be controlled by the valve 21 for effecting the lifting of the plunger 15,

together with the parts carried thereby, or the lowering of the latter by the weight of said plunger and said parts when the valve 21 is opened to exhaust.

In order to maintain the cylinder 16 in vertical alinement with the cylinders 19 and 20, the upwardly extending guideway 24 from the cylinder 14 may be provided with inner flat surfaces, against which it the corresponding flat surfaces of the rear end of the upper supplen'icntal -lrame'on which the shoe 12 is mounted. The guideway 24 and the irregular surfaces 25, thereby act as a splined guideway for preventing the cylinder 16 from turning horizontally relatively to the base frame 10.

The cylinders 16, 19 and 20 are respectively provided. with elongated tubular guides 26, 27 and 28, for the plungers 17, 29 and 30. 'To the uppermost plunger 17 is keyed at 31 the claw-like splitting tool 18,

shown in perspective in Fig. 8. A similar splitting tool 32 is keyed. at 33 to the lowermost plunger 30. To the intermediate plunger 29 is keyed at 8 1 the splitting tool 35 shown in perspective in Fig. 9.

The claw-like splitting tool. 18, shown in Fig. 8, is provided with a central claw 36 advanced beyond the series of lateral. claws 37 and 38, so that the central claw may initiate the splitting of the material by a concentration of the dislod 'in force D ('3 substantially a single point.

, By referring to Figs. 8 and 9 it will be seen that the claw-like splitting tools are in reality in the shape of hands each having spaced penetrating 'wedging fingers and a deflecting palm. Each splitting tool also is provided with. awrist by means of which the (llSlOC ging tool may be detachably keyed to the outer end of the operating plungerin a predetermined position. In Fig. 2 the dislodging hands are keyed. at 81, 3a and 33 to the outer ends of the plunger rods 17, 29 and 30, respectively. By referring to Fig. 3 it will be seen that the splined connection at 4A prevents the plunger rod from turning relatively to the guide 26 and the cylinder 16. By reason of the hand-shaped dislodging tool being keyed to the outer end of the plunger rod such dislodging tool is prevented from turning relatively to the red. are operated rectilinearly the deflecting palms remain in the desired positions to assist the wedging tools in forcing the split coal away from the unmined mass.

Thereafter, on account of the previous loosening of the materialby the advanced splitting member 36, the operation of the lateral series of claws 37 and 88 to dislodge the material will be greatly facilitated. However, it is preferred to arrange the Therefore when the dislo dging tools series 37 at right angles approximately to the series 38, so that the advanced member 36 may actin the corner, at the roof or floor, and the lateral series 37 and 38 scrape along the roof or floor and the sidewall, to

dislodge the material therefrom and to properly trim the surfaces as desired. For instance in too ar angement shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the splitting member 36 is in position to engage the uppermost corner at 39 of the mine wall 10, from which the coal is being dislodged. The upper horizontal series of splitting tools 38 will then. dislodge the material from the roof at the desired elevation and the vertical series of claws 37 will dislodge the material along the mine all below the advanced splitting tool 36.

The lowermost claw-like splitting tool 32 is also provided with an advanced splitting member 36, a vertical series of claws 37 for dislod 'ing the material. from the upright surface of the wall, and a horizontal series of claws 38 to properly trim the floor.

The intermediate claw-like splitting tool 35 is provided with an advanced splitting member 11 and upper and lower splitting members 4L2 and 43 arranged in vertical series. In this arrangement the pressure may be concentrated on the intermediate advanced member 41 to initially split away some of the material and thereby facilitate the subsequent action of the lateral splitting members 42 and 43. Preferably, the rear splitting members 42 and T3 are in vertical. alinement with the claw series 37 and 37, when the splitting tools are all. in their initial positions as shown at 18, 35 and 32, in Fig. 2.

Each of the splitting tools, 18, and 32 operable independently of the others, and each is preferably arranged to move recti linearly and prevented from bein turned or the axis of the plunger with which it connected, or on the axis of the cylinder in which said plunger moves. lVhile Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view, taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2, it should be understood that Fig.

0 also represents the construction for oper ating the splitting tools and 32. As shown in Fig. 3, the plunger 17 issplined at 44, to the plunger guide 26, so that the plunger 1'? cannot rotate relatively to the cylinder 16, and therefore since the splitting tool 18 keyed at 31, to the outer end of the plunger 17, such splitting tool is confined to rectili ear movements at all times. The arrangement. is the same with respect to the plungers 29 and 30, being splined to the tubular guides 2'? and 28 respectively, so that the splitting tools 35 and 32 will be confined to rectilinear feeding movements, these splitting tools being keyed at 3% and 33, respectively, to the outer ends of the plungers 29 and 30.

llO

Referring to Fl.

that each of tie cylinder-s16, l9 and is provided with pipes 4L5and 46 leading to the ends of the cylinders. As shown in Fig. 3, a valve l? controls the supply of fluid pressure from the pressure line 48, to the piston 79, to effect advance or retraction of the splitting tool. Inasmuch as the action of the splitting tools must be powerful continuous forward movement, I prefer to employ an incompressible liquid as a pressure medium, and hydraulic motors are therefore desir able for operating the splitting tools. in a manner similar to that shown Fig. 3, the liquid pressure motors l9 and 20 may be respectively control led by means of the manurlly operated valves l9 and 50 shown in Fig. 5. The pressure line is indicated at 80, 51 and 52, and the respective exhaust ports are indicated at 53, 54 and 55. lt will thus be seen that the operator may ellect the advance or retrziiction of each splitting tool 18, and 32, individually, ai d each in dependently of the other.

Onaccount ot' the individual operation of the splitting tools, my im:=roved me hod may be carried out by first operating the valve l9 and effecting the advance of tl1c.inter mediate splitting tool 35, so to dislodge the coal along the space intermediatethe floor and roof. Then the uppermost splitting tool should be advanced, and on account of the previous space provided by the intermediate splitting tool, the coal from above or near the roof may be expanded downwardly as well as laterally and out wardly, thus :lacilitating the dislodgement of the coal above by first providing such intermediate space vwith the intermediate split g tool. Finally, the lowermost splitting tool may be advanced, and on account of the coal above having been already dislodged the coal at and near the floor may expand u wardly as well as forwardly and laterally, during the operation of such lowermost splitting tool 32. It will thus be seen that by first providing for dislodgement of the coal intermediate the floor and roof, ample space is )rovided' for the spreading of the coal downwardly as well as laterally when the uppermost splitting tool acts, and

in a similar manner after the coal has been dislodged from above, the material acted on by the lowermost splitting tool will have ainplespace into which to spread upwardly well as laterally.

hen the valve 21 is opened to exhaust, the plunger 15 will descend and release the shoe 12 from the root. In order to move tle mining machine to a new location, I have provided a hydraulic motor 56, pivotally mounted at 61 at its forward end, to the brackets 58 and 59, extending rearwardly from the base frame 10. The bracket 58 is provided with a series of openings 60 arranged along an arc with the pivot 61 asa center. no pin62 is adapted to be inserted through one of the openings 60 into a recess at 57 on the upper side of a cylinder 56 intermediate the ends of the latter. it will thus be seen that the hydraulic motor 56 may be adjusted on the pivot .61 to any desired angular relation relative to the frame 10 and held in such adjusted position by the pin 62. ,lnthis manner, the direction of forward travel of the mining machine may bevaried from time to time as desired In Fig. 7 I have illustrated the hydraulic motor 56, with its pivotal connection 61. Extending outwardly from the piston 63 is a plunger 64, the latter being provided at its outer end with a ring or collar 65, through which projects a cylinder 66, as shown in Fig. 6. Movable vertically in the cylinder 66 a plunger67. The upper end of the latter provided with aloof-engaging shoe 68, and the-lower end of th'e'cylinder 66 is provided vith a l'loonengagingshoe 69.

By means of a valve. 70, shown in Fig. 7

re motor 56 may be controlled by control-f g; the flow of fluid pressure from the pipe 71 to the pipes 72 and 73. In similar manner, the motor 66 may be controlledby the valve 74.

lcadin to the cylinder 66 is necessary, as the plunger 67 may be restored by its own weight 'llhereupon, the roof jack shown in Fig. 6

may be released and the motor 56 operated to move the said roof jack forward to a new location.

Durin the forward. movement of the roof c 1210K 66, 67 to a new location, a spring 76 is provided on top oi the spring 65 to yieldngiy support the plunger66 by engaging the under side of the collar held in adjusted position by the set-screw 78. In this manner the shoe 69 is held up the floor-when the shoe 68 is released and is in its lower position. When thereof ack 66, 67 is again operated, the spring 76 will be compressed so to secure the necessary spreading apart of the shoes 68 and 69. It is only when the roof jack is released that the spring 76 is free to act to lift the shoe 69 for sutlicient clearance to permit free movement over the mine floor to a new position.

Obvmusly those skilled in the art may In the latter, only one pipe I v 77, which is ad Justable in elevation. on the cylinder 66and make various changes in the details and arrangement of parts without departing from" the spirit and scope of my invention, defined'by the claims hereto appended. I wish therefore not to be restricted to the precise construction herein disclosed. I

Having thus fully described and shown an embodiment of my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is: I

1. The long wall method of mining coal which consists in first penetrating the solid coal face in a general horizontal direction along a narrow space at a mine vein and by wedging action split-ting large pieces of coal from the vein intermediate the floor and the roof of the mine chamber, and following such dislodgement of the coal by another penetrating and wedging operation in such narrow space to dislodge additional coal in large pieces from the mine vein while spreading into the space afforded by the first dislodgement as well as laterally.

2. The long wallmethod. of mining coal which consists in applying in a narrow space continuous forward concentrated pressure along the face of a mine vein in a general horizontal direction on a splitting tool to dislodge the coal between the floor and roof of the mining chamber to a limited extent and then applying in such narrow space similar dislodging actions along such-face above and below the space arovided by dislodgement of the limited intermediate portion to dislodge the coal from the upright mine wall near the floor and near the roof.

3. The'long wall method of mining coal whichconsists in first in a narrow space dislodging the coal from an upright face of a mine wall in a general horizontal direction along such face between the floor and roof of the mine chamber then subsequently in such narrow space dislodging the coal from such mine wall along such face imn'iediately below the roof and immediately above the floor while simultaneously trimming the roof and the floor to have approximately horizontal surfaces.

4. In a mining machine, the combination with a supporting frame, of a dislodging tool comprising a pointed wedging splitting member adapted to be inserted in a corner and comprising also a vertical series of dislodging members and a horizontal series of dislodging members associated with said splitting members to follow the same, and means for operating saiddislodging tool by moving the same along such corner directl into contact with the material to be dislodged.

5. In a mining machine, the combination with a narrow supporting frame, of a hydraulic ram, and a dislodging tool mounted on said hydraulic ram with a free and nn-' obstructed space in advance thereof and having spaced-apart wedging devices in position to engage the mineral in its native bed and split the same therefrom and by wed ging action in directions intercepting each other splitting the, mineral from the mine vein.

6. In a mining machine, the combination with a supporting frame, of a hydraulic ram, and a right angle dislodging tool comprising wedges facing each other "and mounted at the other end of said ram with the space in advance of said tool free and unobstructed and in position to penetrate the mineral in its native bed and dislodge the same from the mine vein.

7. A dislodging tool for mining machines, comprising a series of claws arranged in right-angle relation, with the corner claw extended in advance of the series onboth sides thereof.

S. A dislodging tool for mining machines, comprising splitting members arranged in right-angle relation to adapt the dislodging tool for operation along an upright mine wall at the corner adjacent an approximately horizontal surface, with the corner splitting member extending in advance of the horizontal and upright series of split ting membe 9. in a n'iining machine, the combination with a supporting frame, of a plurality of spaced-apart splitting tools mounted on said supporting frame one above another in an upright series, individual hydraulic motors for the. splitting tools, and means for individually controlling said hydraulic motors to secure separate and independent operations of said splitting tools in cooperation to dislodge the material from an upright mine wall. v v 1 1.0. In a mining machine, the combination with a supporting frame, of means for securely anchoring said frame adjacent an up right mine wall between the floor and roof thereof, spaced-apart penetrating wedging tools, and hydraulic motors for operating said tools to cause the same to penetrate the coal in its native bed by a powerful con tinuous forward movement against said abutment to dislodge the material from the mine vein in continuation of such mine wall.

11. In a mining machine, the combination with a supportingframe adapted to rest on and move over a mine floor, of a hydraulic roof jack for anchoring said frame between the floor and roof of a mine chamber, and multiple splitting tool mechanismcomprising a plurality of spaced-:umrt penetrating wedges and hydraulic motors for individ ually operating said penetrating wedges to act with a steady forward powerful pressure exerted continuously in predetermined directions during the dislodgment of the mineral from the unmined mass.

12. In a mining machine, the combination with a supporting frame, of means for anchoring the same to serve as an abutment, a plurality of penetrating wedging tools, fluid pressure motor mechanism comprising plunger rods for individually supporting the respective tools with the spaces between the tools free and unobstructed aswell as the spaces in advanceof said tools, and means for operating said fluid pressure motor mechanism by pushing the tools wit-ha continuous forward pressure to cause said tools to penetrate the coal in its native bed to dislodge the same by wedging action.

13. In a mining machine, the combination with a supporting frame, of a hydraulic roof jack for anchoring said frame between the floor and roof of a mine chamber, a plurality of individual dislodging tools each having a penetrating end and wedging surfaces receding therefrom, means for supporting said tools in an upright series in spaced-apart relation with the spaces between the support ing means as well as in advance of said tools entirely free and unobstructed, horizontally extending liquid pressure motor mechanism mounted on said frame and connected to said supporting means, and means for controlling said motor mechanism for securing powerful forward pushing action on said dislodging tools to cause the same to penetrate the solid coal in its native bed with a continuous forward movement to split such coal and dislodge the same over an area extending between the floor and roof of the mine chamber.

14. Ina mining machine, the combination with a supporting frame, of means for anchoring the same, a plurality of superposed liquid pressure motors extending horizontally from said frame toconstitute a narrow mining machine framework, and a plurality of spaced-apart dislodging tools connected in upright series respectively to said motors to maintain thenarrow width of the mining machine and enabling the latter to operate in a narrow space along an upright mine wall. I

15. In a mining machine, the combination with a narrow upright frame, of means for anchoring the same between the floor and roof of the mine chamber, a plurality of liquid pressure motors extending forwardly from said frame within the space thereof extending longitudinally to maintain the narrow width of the mining machine, and a plurality of dislodging tools mounted respectively on said motors in upright series for operation along the narrow space in which the mining machine is adapted to travel.

16-. In a mining machine, the combination with a supporting frame, of dislodging mechanism mounted thereon, a motor pivotally connected to said frame for swinging adjustment laterally relatively thereto,

means between said motor and said frame for holding the latter in adjusted angular relation, an, abutment for the rear end of said motor, and means for controlling said motor to secure movement of said frame and said dislodging mechanism to a new position.

17. The combination with a mining machine, of a motor pivoted thereto, intermediate-means forholding said motor in adjusted angular relation to said mining machine, motor, means for anchoring said abutment, and means for against the anchored abutment to secure movement oft-he mining machine to a new location.

18. The combination with a mining ma chine, of .a liquid pressure motor connected thereto and extending horizon-v tally rearwardly therefrom, intermediate means for-holding the said motor in adjusted angular relation to said mining machine, an additional liquid pressure motor adapted to occupy. an upright position between the floor and roof of the mine cha m her and connected to the rear end of said first-named motor, roof-jack mechanism operated by said additional motor to serve as an abutment for said first-named motor to act against, and means for controlling said first-named motor to move the mining machine to a new location when said roof jack mechanism is in anchored position.

- 19. In a mining machine, the combination with, a supporting frame, of a fluid pressure motor comprising a reciprocable rod, a guide for'said rod splined to the latter to an abutment for therear end of said,

controlling said motor pivotally.

prevent relative rotation thereof, a claw-like dislodging tool comprising spaced-apart penetratingdevices having wedging surfaces extendingrearwardly therefrom, said tool being adapted to penetrate the solid face of a mine vein and by wedging action split large portions of the mineral from the vein adjacent said spaced-apart penetrating de vices, and means for controlling said motor to effect a continuous forward powerful pressure on said clawlike tool to causesaid spaced-apart devices topenetrate. the mineral in its native bed to split the sameove r a wide area and by wedging action dislodge such mineral from the unmined mass in large pieces. v

20. In a mining machine, the combination with a supporting frame, of a plurality of superposed horizontally extending mining tools each having the space in advance thereof free and unobstructed and each adapted to penetrate the solid coal of an upright mine wall and by wedging action split the coal from the unmined mass over a wide area, means forconfining the operating strokes.

czi

to effect. the dislodgment of coal over a wide area, and means for adjusting the elevation of the uppermost penetrating tool.

21. In a mining machine, the combination with a supporting frame, of a plurality of liquid pressure motors mounted on said frame in spaced-apartrelation and for rectilinear operation, dislodging tools mounted on said motors for rectilinear actuation thereby and each comprising penetrating devices provided with wedging surfaces adapted to dislodge the coal from the unmined mass, and means for adjusting the spacing of said motors and the spacing of said dislodging tools.

22. The combination with a supporting frame, a roof jack comprising relatively movable members, a horizontally extending liquid-pressure motor mounted on said supporting frame, a dislodging tool connected to said motor, an additional horizontally extending liquid pressure motor mounted on the movable member adjacent the roof, and an additional dislodging tool connected to said additional motor for operation at an adjusted elevation in accordance with the position of the roof member of said roof jack when the latter is in anchored position.

23. In a mining machine, the combination with an upright supporting frame, of means for anchoring the same to serve as an abutment, a plurality of spaced-apart horizontally extending liquid-pressure motors, a plurality of dislodgingtools connected respectively to said motors to act along an upright mine wall at the roof and at the floor and intermediate the roof and floor at concentrated points in spaced-apart relation, and means for controlling said motors to operate said dislodging tools against the anchored abutment to cause such tools to penetrate the mineral and by wedging'action rip and tear the same from the unmined mass.

24. In a mining machine, the combination with an upright supporting frame compris ing a hydraulic roof jack having an upright plunger connected'to the roof-engaging shoe, a plurality of spaced-apart horizontally extending hydraulic motors connected to the lower and intermediate portions of said frame, an additional hydraulic motor connected to said plunger to extend horizontally therefrom. adjacent the roof of the mine chamber and movable up and down with said plunger, dislodging tools connected respectively to said motors in an upright series for exerting dislodging actions at spacedapart concentrated points intermediate the floor and roof of the mine chamber, and means for controlling said motors to operate said dislodging tools.

25. In a mining machine, the combination with a comparatively narrow supporting frame, of a roof jack for anchoringthe same and having an upper movable member, a

hydraulic motor extending from said upper member along the roof of the mine chamber, an additional hydraulic motor extending horizontally from said frame along the floor of'said mine chamber, an intermediate hydraulie motor extendinghorizontally from said roof jack, said spaced-apart hydraulic motors being confined to the narrow longitudinal space between thosides of said supporting frame, right-angle dislodging tools conn cted to the floor and roof motors and each having a forwardly extending piercing member to dig into the corner and ri h angle series of dislodging members at the sides of said piercing members in position to trim the floor and the roof and the adja cent walls, means for confining said series of dislodging members to said positions for trii'nming the floor, roof and walls, and an intermediate dislodging tool comprising a forwardly extending piercing member to receive concentrated pressure from the intermediate motor on the mine vein inter mediate and spaced from the floor and roof dislodging tool.

26. In a mining machine, the combination with an. upright flat framework comparatively narrow in a direction extending transversely back from the mine wall and adapted to occupy an upright position in a plane extending longitudinally of an upright mine wall, of expansible dislodging mechanism mounted on said frame, means for anchoring said frame, and means for operating said expansible mechanism longitudinallyof said frame while the latter is anchored and occupies a narrow space adj acent the wall.

27. In a mining machine, the combination with a frame having front-and rear upright faces a comparatively-short distance apart, of a plurality of superposed expansible op-' erating devices mounted on said frame to tend therefrom along lines between planes extending through said spaced-apart faces, and dislodging tools connected to said operating devices in position to dislodge the face of a mine vein along a space in alinement with the longitudinal length of said frame. 28. In a mining machine, the combination with a base frame, of a supplemental frame, dislodging mechanism mounted on said supplemental frame and confined thereby for rectilinear movements relatively thereto, means for adjusting the elevation of said supplemental frame relatively to said base frame to adjust the elevation of said dislodging mechanism, and means for preventing arcuate movement of said supplemental frame relatively to said base frame while said dislodging mechanism is confined to rectilinear movements.

29. A 'dislodging toolfor mining machines, comprising a hand having a supporting wrist, a deflecting palm, a penetrating Wedging finger projecting from said palm, and shorter trimming fingers projecting from said penetrating Wedging finger on both sides thereof.

30. A dislodging tool for mining machines, comprising a hand having. a siipport ing Wrist, a deflecting palm, a penetrating Wedging linger projecting forwardly from" said palm, and an upright series oi short trimming fingers.

31., A dislodging tool for mining niachines, comprising a hand having a supporting Wrist, a deflecting palm, and a plurality of spaced-apart penetrating wed ing lingers projecting varying distances from said deflecting palm.

32. A dislodging tool for mining machines, comprising a hand having a supporting Wrist, a deflecting palm, spaced penetrating Wedging fingers projecting from said palm, and an upright series of trimming fingers.

member to follow the same, one series being associated with one side of saidmemloer and the other series With the other side thereof.

Signed at Vl ashington, I). 0., this 1st da of July, 1921. r

EDMUND c, MORGAN. 

